SPRING ICE PROCESSES AT THE ZHAYIK RIVER (URAL)

Abstract

Rivers play a huge role in the economy of Kazakhstan - this is due to the continental climate of our country, in which water supply is provided to the population, as well as to the agro-industrial complex, which requires the expedient use of water resources, taking into account the integrated management of them. Also on large rivers of the republic carries out navigation and fishing. Planning the work of all sectors of the economy requires taking into account the osobeniences of the hydrological regime of the river in each of the seasons of the year.

This scientific study considers spring ice processes on the river. Zhayyk (Ural). The results obtained were analyzed with the results of previous scientific studies, in particular with the data of the reference book "Surface water resources of the USSR - Lower Volga region and Western Kazakhstan." As studies have shown, there is a trend of earlier opening of the river, passing ice drift and clearing the river from ice.

Various periods were analyzed, but the main attention was paid to the conditionally natural from 1937 to 1957 and the disturbed end of the 20th and early 21st centuries, using long-row stations.

Ice on rivers plays a fundamental role in biological, chemical and physical pro-cesses. In addition, ice can have a huge economic impact on river development. All operations and processes on the river can change significantly, due to changes in the thickness and density of the ice cover, as well as the time of its appearance or purification of the river.