Features of the vertical distribution of meteorological parameters according to reanalysis data on the example of the city of Almaty

Abstract

In addition to the change of meteorological elements in time and space on earth, it is also important to consider the trend of their change in altitude. Their change is not only during the day, but also the average monthly, annual, and perennial values are unevenly distributed. Observations and studies of meteorological values by altitude are becoming necessary in many areas. This is especially important when studying the problem of global climate warming. However, the lack of information about free atmosphere probing creates difficulties in solving these problems. Currently, many research centers provide information about the characteristics of the free atmosphere through renalysis. In the article, a comparison of air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed for 2012-2018 was carried out using radiosonization information of the Almaty aerological station and data from the ERA5 reanalysis archive. As a result, it was found that the differences calculated by radiosonization and reanalysis of meteorological elements at the considered standard levels of 925-100 hPa deviate within the permissible limits. For relative humidity and wind speed, the correlation ratio between the two sources of information is also good (0.6-0.9), for air temperature, the correlation coefficient was very good (0.9). The absolute error for air temperature ranges from -3.2 °C to 0.7 °C. And for relative humidity, the absolute error shows the range of ±10-30%. The absolute error of wind speed varies between 0.5-1 m/s. Based on the results of the study, it was found that ERA5 reanalysis data can be used to study the distribution of meteorological parameters by altitude in a given region.