Assessment of air pollution of the Caspian region

Abstract

The Caspian region of Kazakhstan is characterized by a violently developing economy, which is caused by rich reserves of oil and gas. One of the problems of an atmospheric pollution by meteorological
aspects is investigating the patterns of the propagation of atmospheric impurities and the features of their space-time distribution. These studies can be the basis for an objective assessment of
the state of the atmospheric pollution, as well as for the development of the actions for air purification. The solution of these questions directly depends on accounting of the conditions for their dispersion
in the atmosphere. In this article pollution of the air basin of the Caspian region was assessed. Assessing the pollution of the air basin for the region, in Aktau and Atyrau cities, were calculated the
atmospheric pollution index and climatic potential of atmospheric dispersion. Based on the results of calculations, it was found that the level of pollution depends on the meteorological parameters. The
atmospheric pollution index varies between 3,5 – 5,5, which indicates the satisfactory state of the region in question. The satisfactory level of the atmospheric pollution index and high level self-cleaning
of the atmosphere is determined by high wind speeds (3-4 m/s). The annual course of the main pollutants (suspended matters (dust), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO))
have been studied too.