Modern information methods of study of soils

Abstract

The article presents modern analyses of the baseline data and information that are currently processed
by internal relations with homogeneous elements of a structure. Soil information is stored in a
visual or electronic form. In the last years was developed the semantic data model of the soils, so their
characteristics are described by elements of soil structure, which forms the semantics of a single information
space. Information systems allow to store and process large amounts of soil data. But the article also
describes the different research programmes of the soil. Presented by global modeling techniques, and
studies of soil information.
A study of the current state of foreign developments in the use of information technology to work
with the soil data showed that the most relevant are soil information system of the third generation, in
which there are three components: geographic information system enabling work with spatial data; a
relational database that provides the functionality of multiple morphological and physico-chemical parameters
of soil properties; and use the principles of the Internet, which provides access to the system in
real-time and multiplayer mode.
Despite the rapid development of foreign soil information systems, remains an urgent problem of
preserving the primary sense of the original soil information in the translation of soil information from a
text, ≪paper≫ format into electronic form.