Biogeography and phylogeography

Abstract

Biogeography is the study of the patterns and causes of the distribution of living things. There are a number of approaches to solving biogeographical issues, including historical biogeography, ecological biogeography and phylogeography. Phylogeography is the study of the genetic and geographic structure of populations and species. Phylogeography usually uses genetic information to examine genealogical history and patterning within species and populations. This information is used to determine the relationships of biogeographical regions and species histories. Utilized genetic markers are often unitarily inherited, for instance, mitochondrial or chloroplast DNA sequences and such they track the genealogical history of either the maternal or the paternal lineage. In article was discussed the role of phylogeography in historical biogeography and some of its connecting functions within the framework of the biodiversity sciences.